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Lichens --- Costa Rica --- Central America --- Pyrenula --- tropics --- neotropics --- keys

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In the Preface to her new study, Latin Americanist Helen Delpar writes, ""Since the seventeenth century, Americans have turned their gaze toward the lands to the south, seeing in them fields for religious proselytization, economic enterprise, and military conquest."" Delpar, consequently, aims her considerable gaze back at those Americans and the story behind their longtime fascination with Latin American culture. By visiting seminal works and the cultures from which they emerged, following the effects of changes in scholarly norms and political developments on the training of students, and ev

Latin Americanists --- Latin American studies specialists --- Hispanists --- Latin America --- Asociación Latinoamericana de Libre Comercio countries --- Neotropical region --- Neotropics --- New World tropics --- Spanish America --- Historiography. --- Study and teaching

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This book presents some basic theoretical concepts of public finance with a particular emphasis on its impact poverty reduction. Eight case studies from Latin America and Africa illustrate how these concepts are applied in practice and the implementation issues that emerge.

Finance, Public --- Poverty --- Government policy --- Africa --- Latin America --- Social policy --- Destitution --- Asociación Latinoamericana de Libre Comercio countries --- Neotropical region --- Neotropics --- New World tropics --- Spanish America --- Wealth --- Basic needs --- Begging --- Poor --- Subsistence economy --- Eastern Hemisphere

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The set of works gathered here points to a critical reading of the process of globalization, a distinctive feature that summarizes the expansive character of the current phase of capitalist accumulation on a global level, and that, in the author's opinion, represents, first of all, the result of a political process: the result of the setback that, with different lags and blunders, is observed, since 1968, in the struggles and levels of organization of workers in the whole planet. It is not the logic of expansion of the productive forces, or the alleged "efficiency" of the capitalist production processes or the rationalization that this entails, nor the economies of scale, but the organization of the workers and the popular movement as a whole those that, in their political action, allow or not the expansion of capital, therefore the only ones that can stop or, in the absence of a political will in this sense, facilitate its expansion. All this feast of capitalism, in full expansive euphoria that we observe today with horror, would have been unthinkable without the previous dismantling of the level of resistance of the workers.

Globalization. --- Global cities --- Globalisation --- Internationalization --- International relations --- Anti-globalization movement --- Latin America --- Asociación Latinoamericana de Libre Comercio countries --- Neotropical region --- Neotropics --- New World tropics --- Spanish America --- Foreign economic relations. --- globalization --- emancipation --- capitalism --- international politics

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The causes and consequences of high inequality in incomes, assets, and many aspects of well-being in Latin America have recently (re-)emerged as a central research and policy issue. However, many open questions remain that will be dealt with in the contributions to this volume. First, the linkages between growth, inequality, and poverty in Latin America need further clarification. More analyses at the country and even sub-national level are required to understand these complex relationships and their most important determinants. Of particular relevance is to examine these relationships in the Latin American context of high economic instability with recurrent economic and financial crises, particularly in the 1990s. Secondly, measuring and addressing poverty remains a critical research area, in particular non-monetary including subjective indicators of well-being often tell a different story that needs to be considered when analyzing poverty trends and determinants. Lastly, the poverty/inequality issues need to be considered in an economic environment, where trade, migration, and economic integration are of particular importance. Thus the role of trade and migration in generating, sustaining, or reducing inequalities between and within countries is an area that requires further analysis.

Poverty --- Income distribution --- Latin America --- Emigration and immigration law. --- Amerika --- Armut --- Economic Development --- Einkommensdisparität --- Inequality --- Klasen --- Lateinamerika --- Latin --- Migration --- Asociación Latinoamericana de Libre Comercio countries --- Neotropical region --- Neotropics --- New World tropics --- Spanish America